Natural disaster risk in Columbia County, Oregon
Oregon · population 52,498 · FIPS 41009
Overall: relatively low risk
Columbia County has a composite risk score of 70.7 out of 100 — higher than 70% of US counties. It ranks 21 of 36 in Oregon (1 = highest risk). Its highest-rated hazards are earthquake, heat wave, landslide.
Drought now: No, but abnormally dry (D0)
No drought, but abnormally dry. On the U.S. Drought Monitor map valid 13 October 2026, 99.25% of Columbia County is D0 Abnormally Dry and none of it is in drought (D1 to D4). Some of it has been abnormally dry or worse for 37 weeks in a row.
Drought in Columbia County: the last 52 weeks · droughtmonitor.unl.edu
The U.S. Drought Monitor is jointly produced by the National Drought Mitigation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States Department of Agriculture, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Map courtesy of NDMC.
Risk, loss, vulnerability and resilience
| Measure | Rating and score |
|---|---|
| Overall risk Expected annual loss, adjusted for social vulnerability and community resilience. |
Relatively low 70.7 |
| Expected annual loss About $33.9 million a year, on average, across all 18 hazards. |
Relatively low 75.8 |
| Social vulnerability Higher means people may find it harder to prepare and recover. |
Relatively low 21.2 |
| Community resilience Higher means a stronger ability to prepare, adapt and recover. |
Relatively high 65.6 |
Risk by hazard
FEMA's risk rating for each of 18 natural hazards in Columbia County, highest first. "Not applicable" means the hazard is not modelled here.
| Hazard | Risk rating and score |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | Relatively moderate 94 |
| Heat wave | Relatively moderate 90 |
| Landslide | Relatively moderate 89 |
| Inland (riverine) flooding | Relatively low 68 |
| Coastal flooding | Relatively low 50 |
| Ice storm | Relatively low 38 |
| Cold wave | Relatively low 30 |
| Winter weather | Relatively low 27 |
| Strong wind | Relatively low 23 |
| Volcanic activity | Very low 81 |
| Wildfire | Very low 30 |
| Tornado | Very low 13 |
| Avalanche | Very low 4 |
| Hail | Very low 4 |
| Lightning | Very low 4 |
| Drought | No rating |
| Hurricane | Not applicable |
| Tsunami | Insufficient data |
FEMA disaster declarations for Columbia County
Federal declarations that designated Columbia County, since 1 Jan 2024 (the period this site keeps from OpenFEMA). Older declarations are in FEMA's own dataset.
Not since 1 Jan 2024: no FEMA disaster declaration in the records this site read names Columbia County.
All FEMA declarations in Oregon, with estimated apply-by dates · Open FEMA deadlines
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s). Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2.
How to read these ratings
- Ratings run in five steps: very low, relatively low, relatively moderate, relatively high and very high. They compare a county with every other US county; they are not a measure of danger on their own.
- Scores run from 0 to 100 and are national percentiles. The bar shows the score: a score of 80 means a higher value than 80% of US counties.
- Overall risk combines the expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience.
- Expected annual loss is the average yearly loss to buildings, people and agriculture the model expects from all 18 hazards.
- Social vulnerability describes how hard it may be for people to prepare for and recover from a disaster. Higher is worse.
- Community resilience describes a community's ability to prepare, adapt and recover. Higher is better.
- "Not applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard there (for example, hurricanes far inland).
About this data
Source: FEMA National Risk Index, version 1.20, released December 2025, published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (US public domain). About the National Risk Index. The index is a model of relative risk built from historical hazard records, what is exposed and community factors. It is not a forecast, it does not describe any single property, and it is not insurance or financial advice. For decisions about a specific address, check FEMA's flood maps and your local emergency management office.
Questions
What is the natural disaster risk in Columbia County, Oregon?
FEMA's National Risk Index rates the overall risk in Columbia County as relatively low, with a score of 70.7 out of 100 (higher than 70% of US counties). That is a comparison with other US counties, not a forecast.
What are the biggest natural hazards in Columbia County?
The hazards rated highest for Columbia County are earthquake (relatively moderate), heat wave (relatively moderate), landslide (relatively moderate).
What is the flood risk in Columbia County?
FEMA rates inland (river and rain) flooding risk in Columbia County as relatively low, and coastal flooding risk as relatively low. For a specific property, check the FEMA flood map and your local floodplain office.
Has Columbia County had a FEMA disaster declaration?
Not since 1 Jan 2024: no FEMA disaster declaration in the records this site read names Columbia County.
Is Columbia County in a drought?
No drought, but abnormally dry. On the U.S. Drought Monitor map valid 13 October 2026, 99.25% of Columbia County is D0 Abnormally Dry and none of it is in drought (D1 to D4). Some of it has been abnormally dry or worse for 37 weeks in a row.
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