Natural disaster risk in Montgomery County, Maryland
Maryland · population 1,061,279 · FIPS 24031
Overall: relatively moderate risk
Montgomery County has a composite risk score of 91.7 out of 100 — higher than 91% of US counties. It ranks 4 of 24 in Maryland (1 = highest risk). Its highest-rated hazards are winter weather, heat wave, strong wind.
Drought now: Yes: D1 Moderate Drought, at least 54 weeks
Yes. On the U.S. Drought Monitor map valid 13 October 2026, 2.1% of Montgomery County is in D1 Moderate Drought. Some of it has been at D1 or worse for at least 54 weeks in a row.
Drought in Montgomery County: the last 52 weeks · droughtmonitor.unl.edu
The U.S. Drought Monitor is jointly produced by the National Drought Mitigation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States Department of Agriculture, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Map courtesy of NDMC.
Risk, loss, vulnerability and resilience
| Measure | Rating and score |
|---|---|
| Overall risk Expected annual loss, adjusted for social vulnerability and community resilience. |
Relatively moderate 91.7 |
| Expected annual loss About $126.4 million a year, on average, across all 18 hazards. |
Relatively moderate 92.7 |
| Social vulnerability Higher means people may find it harder to prepare and recover. |
Very low 19.9 |
| Community resilience Higher means a stronger ability to prepare, adapt and recover. |
Relatively high 63.5 |
Risk by hazard
FEMA's risk rating for each of 18 natural hazards in Montgomery County, highest first. "Not applicable" means the hazard is not modelled here.
| Hazard | Risk rating and score |
|---|---|
| Winter weather | Very high 99 |
| Heat wave | Relatively high 96 |
| Strong wind | Relatively high 96 |
| Hail | Relatively high 94 |
| Inland (riverine) flooding | Relatively high 93 |
| Lightning | Relatively high 91 |
| Earthquake | Relatively moderate 91 |
| Hurricane | Relatively moderate 91 |
| Cold wave | Relatively moderate 86 |
| Drought | Relatively moderate 81 |
| Tornado | Relatively moderate 78 |
| Ice storm | Relatively moderate 70 |
| Landslide | Relatively low 75 |
| Wildfire | Very low 25 |
| Coastal flooding | Very low 19 |
| Avalanche | Not applicable |
| Tsunami | Not applicable |
| Volcanic activity | Not applicable |
FEMA disaster declarations for Montgomery County
Federal declarations that designated Montgomery County, since 1 Jan 2024 (the period this site keeps from OpenFEMA). Older declarations are in FEMA's own dataset.
Yes. Montgomery County has been named in 1 FEMA declaration since 1 Jan 2024. The latest is EM-3634-MD (Severe Winter Storm), declared 24 Jan 2026.
| Declaration | Kind | Incident | Declared | Individual assistance here |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EM-3634-MD | Emergency | Severe Winter Storm | 24 Jan 2026 | No |
All FEMA declarations in Maryland, with estimated apply-by dates · Open FEMA deadlines
This product uses the Federal Emergency Management Agency's OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA. The Federal Government or FEMA cannot vouch for the data or analyses derived from these data after the data have been retrieved from the Agency's website(s). Dataset: Disaster Declarations Summaries - v2.
How to read these ratings
- Ratings run in five steps: very low, relatively low, relatively moderate, relatively high and very high. They compare a county with every other US county; they are not a measure of danger on their own.
- Scores run from 0 to 100 and are national percentiles. The bar shows the score: a score of 80 means a higher value than 80% of US counties.
- Overall risk combines the expected annual loss with social vulnerability and community resilience.
- Expected annual loss is the average yearly loss to buildings, people and agriculture the model expects from all 18 hazards.
- Social vulnerability describes how hard it may be for people to prepare for and recover from a disaster. Higher is worse.
- Community resilience describes a community's ability to prepare, adapt and recover. Higher is better.
- "Not applicable" means FEMA does not model that hazard there (for example, hurricanes far inland).
About this data
Source: FEMA National Risk Index, version 1.20, released December 2025, published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (US public domain). About the National Risk Index. The index is a model of relative risk built from historical hazard records, what is exposed and community factors. It is not a forecast, it does not describe any single property, and it is not insurance or financial advice. For decisions about a specific address, check FEMA's flood maps and your local emergency management office.
Questions
What is the natural disaster risk in Montgomery County, Maryland?
FEMA's National Risk Index rates the overall risk in Montgomery County as relatively moderate, with a score of 91.7 out of 100 (higher than 91% of US counties). That is a comparison with other US counties, not a forecast.
What are the biggest natural hazards in Montgomery County?
The hazards rated highest for Montgomery County are winter weather (very high), heat wave (relatively high), strong wind (relatively high).
What is the flood risk in Montgomery County?
FEMA rates inland (river and rain) flooding risk in Montgomery County as relatively high, and coastal flooding risk as very low. For a specific property, check the FEMA flood map and your local floodplain office.
Has Montgomery County had a FEMA disaster declaration?
Yes. Montgomery County has been named in 1 FEMA declaration since 1 Jan 2024. The latest is EM-3634-MD (Severe Winter Storm), declared 24 Jan 2026.
Is Montgomery County in a drought?
Yes. On the U.S. Drought Monitor map valid 13 October 2026, 2.1% of Montgomery County is in D1 Moderate Drought. Some of it has been at D1 or worse for at least 54 weeks in a row.
Every county in Maryland, ranked · All states · Disasters near me